The Economic Activity Of The Early Roman State - 1616 Words

1) The essential economic activity in the early Roman state was agriculture. The type of influence agriculture had on the social classes, is that the majority of the Romans were independent farmers who farmed on their own, small plot of land. Also the land owned by people, determined their wealth as well. Having their own plot of land, helped the families to provide food for their members to survive. 2) The events in early Roman history that caused Romans to be anti-dictators and pro-Senate, was that the Romans favored the Senate over dictatorship because they were able to take part in the government. Male citizens were able to attend several assemblies and vote, although the votes by the wealthy were more important than the votes of the poor. With dictatorship, Romans had no control or say in what the government decided, so the idea of a Senate was more appealing. 3) The role tribunes played in creating a more democratic Rome, is that they were people from lower classes, who had the power to veto actions and decisions made by the Assembly or patrician officials that would negatively affect the lower classes. From the tribunes, the lower class people has a say in the government as well, because the tribunes represented them. 4) The role the Roman Senate played in the Roman Republic, is that they were the power house, and they continually made policy and governed. The Roman Senate also seemed like an advisory council, because of the job and role they played. 5) The flawsShow MoreRelatedThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1020 Words   |  5 Pages Emperor reforms, outside invasions and financial weakness ultimately caused the decline of the Roman Empire in the West, because each of these events chipped away at the center and the longevity of the Roman Empire from 180 AD to the early fifth century. After the death of the last of the five good emperors, Marcus Aurelius in 180 AD, the Roman Empire began to form into a military monarchy, which was not based on prior lineage but loyalty to the army. The familial aspects of choosing the next emperorRead MoreAncient Roman Civilization And Modern Times936 Words   |  4 PagesThe ancient Roman civilization had many enduring contributions to modern times. Many of the ancient structures survived the ravages of time. 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Thorn Queen Chapter Sixteen Free Essays

string(72) " daylight I could really take in how cute Art’s neighborhood was\." I tossed and turned that night, surprised I didn’t lapse into the alcohol-induced coma I’d kind of hoped for. I finally woke up with the sunrise and decided to leave before too many people noticed. Only a few servants were up and around, for which I was grateful. We will write a custom essay sample on Thorn Queen Chapter Sixteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now I didn’t want to see Shaya’s concerned look or listen to Dorian and Ysabel flirt over breakfast. I didn’t want to think about what the two of them had done last night-or why it bothered me so much. I was Dorian’s friend. That was enough. Before leaving, I stuck my head downstairs in the prison. The night shift of guards was still awake and alert, and Volusian kept his emotionless watch in the cell’s corner. Jasmine was curled up in a ball, fast asleep, though I could see dried tears on her cheeks. Unguarded in sleep, she seemed very young. I transitioned back to Tucson, bearing one of the worst hangovers of my life. Despite the fact that it was later in the morning there, my house was as still as the castle had been. Considering the way the cats and dogs watched me expectantly, I had to assume Tim hadn’t gotten up to feed them yet. I let the dogs out in the backyard and told the cats they’d have to wait. As for me, I downed two glasses of water and half a bottle of aspirin practically, before collapsing in my room. My own bed provided the comfort the castle’s couldn’t, and I slept heavily for two hours. I felt a lot better when I got up, and a shower improved things further. The smells of French toast wafted out to me, and my tormented stomach welcomed the thought of food. I headed out to the kitchen to tell Tim to serve up a double helping and found that he wasn’t alone. A girl in her twenties sat at the table, giggling and wearing his Homeland Security T-shirt. Tim stood at the stove with the aforementioned French toast, bare-chested in sweatpants and several beaded necklaces. â€Å"Oh, hi,† squeaked the girl. â€Å"Eug! What are you-er, greetings of the morning, Sister Eugenie.† Tim held up his palm. â€Å"I did not realize you were home.† I rolled my eyes, having no patience for his routine this morning. I poured myself a cup of coffee. â€Å"I hope you’ve got real maple syrup.† He handed me over a plate of French toast, fresh off the stove. I think it had been intended for his lady friend, but he knew better. I found the maple syrup in the refrigerator, doused the toast liberally, and then headed back out to the living room without another word to either of them. A few minutes later, Tim scurried in, looking sheepish. â€Å"You know you aren’t supposed to bring them home,† I said. â€Å"Yeah, I know. It’s just†¦well, I didn’t actually think you’d be home with the way things have been lately.† â€Å"Not unreasonable,† I conceded. â€Å"But that doesn’t change the rules. You stay at their places.† He nodded. â€Å"Can she at least finish breakfast before I kick her out?† I chewed my own food, thinking about what I had to do today. I swallowed and sighed. â€Å"You can let her stay all morning. I’m leaving soon anyway†¦I’ll probably be gone most of the day.† Tim brightened with unexpected pleasure. â€Å"Really? Oh, sweet. Thanks, Eug. You’re the best-â€Å" I handed him my empty plate. â€Å"Just get me a refill, and we’ll call it even.† Since telling Lara to keep my schedule open, I now had days with no plans-which proved terribly convenient today. I was going to drive out to Yellow River again to talk to Abigail and Art and try to make some sense of this red snake business. There were too many questions and loose ends surrounding it all, and I needed to start tying some of it up so that I could get on with my life. The downside of a drive like that was that it gave me lots of time to think. Lots and lots of time. It was a clear day, and there were no major cities along the way. It was just me, my mind, and the open road. I kept thinking about how Kiyo and I had last driven this trek together and the sex that had followed at the hotel. I thought about him and Maiwenn now, celebrating the birth of their daughter. I thought about my breakdown with Dorian and my fears that Kiyo wouldn’t want me anymore. I’d brought my cell phone with me and had it sitting on the passenger seat, volume up high. I didn’t want to miss a call from Kiyo†¦because surely he’d call to tell me about his daughter as soon as he could, right? If I hadn’t heard anything, it meant he was still in the Otherworld, which-as one might imagine-didn’t have the greatest cell coverage. We’d visited Art first last time, but when I got off the highway, I found I was closer to Abigail’s. So, I drove through Yellow River’s modest downtown-past the sex-toy store-and parked outside her building. It was afternoon by now, and people were out and about, with tourists in particular poking their heads into the antiques store beneath Abigail’s apartment. I found the little doorway by the store’s entrance and headed upstairs, wondering if I’d be overrun with cats. But I wasn’t-largely because I never made it into the apartment. I knocked several times and even called Abigail’s name once. When that didn’t pan out, I dialed the number Roland had given me. I got her voice mail but nothing more. â€Å"So much for that,† I muttered. Maybe it was just as well. Art was the one who held most of my attention anyway, what with his tattoo and all. He was the one who needed to be questioned. So, I left the town for the suburbs, and in full daylight I could really take in how cute Art’s neighborhood was. You read "Thorn Queen Chapter Sixteen" in category "Essay examples" The houses were large and new like his, and his neighbors appeared to love their lawns just as much. I didn’t see Art outside, but a large red SUV in the driveway boded well for him being around. I knocked twice on the door, and for a moment, I thought he too must be out and about. Just as I nearly rang the doorbell, he finally opened the door. His hair was damp, like he’d just come out of the shower, and he held a pair of hedge clippers in one hand. â€Å"Eugenie!† His face split into a grin. â€Å"This is a surprise.† The smile momentarily faltered. â€Å"Is everything okay? Roland†¦?† â€Å"Fine, fine,† I assured him. â€Å"I just wanted to ask you some more questions.† â€Å"You drove a long way for that,† he mused, stepping outside and shutting the door behind him. People had an easier time lying over the phone, but I could hardly tell him that. â€Å"I had the time and thought it would make things simpler.† â€Å"Sure. I’m happy for the company†¦so long as you don’t mind hanging out with me while I get a little work done?† He waved the clippers by way of explanation. â€Å"No problem.† He offered me something to drink first, but I was still holding on to coffee I’d bought at a gas station and declined. I sat down on his front step while he began trimming some of the thick shrubs flanking the front of the house. They were thick and heavy-leaved, filled with pretty yellow blossoms. They seemed to want to consume the house, and I was reminded of Sleeping Beauty’s castle, and the thorns that had surrounded it. He didn’t cut their overall height but mostly seemed concerned with making them look neat. â€Å"I stopped by Abigail’s on my way here, but she didn’t seem to be home.† â€Å"I think she’s in El Paso for a few days,† Art said. The muscles in his arms bulged, raising his T-shirt’s sleeve and showing me the coiled red snake. â€Å"Her sister lives there. They’re close, which is good, but I sure could have used her help with a banishing the other day. You should have come by then. It was a gentry girl, actually-you were looking for those, right?† â€Å"Yes,† I said, startled. â€Å"I take it you managed to send her back on your own?† â€Å"Yeah. She wasn’t that tough. More scared than anything else.† I sipped my coffee, trying to make sense of this new development. I may have very well indeed jumped to conclusions about Art’s kidnapping role. Maybe Moria had just been banished after wandering here. â€Å"Do your jobs ever actually take you to the Otherworld?† I asked. He gave a gruff laugh. â€Å"Not if I can help it. Those transitions are a bitch, even with that crossroads. I haven’t actually been over in†¦I don’t know. Years.† â€Å"Huh,† I said. Art paused in his clipping, giving me a puzzled look. â€Å"Why do you ask?† â€Å"I’ve heard stories-that is, gentry rumors-about some human over there who kind of sounds like you.† â€Å"Like me?† His confusion grew. â€Å"That’s a little weird.† â€Å"It was a human with a red snake tattoo.† I didn’t mean to sound accusatory, but a tiny bit of it slipped into my tone. â€Å"Why on earth would I lie about crossing over?† he asked. He wasn’t angry, exactly, but some of that friendly demeanor had cooled a little. â€Å"Whoa, hey. I didn’t say you did.† I tried not to sound too defensive. â€Å"It was just weird that there were sightings of someone who looked like you near where your crossroads lets out.† â€Å"The gentry I’ve banished are probably getting confused and thinking I was in their world when I kicked them out of this one†¦it’s honestly hard to understand how any of them think. And you know how disorienting banishing is.† â€Å"Yeah, I know. I’m just saying the story I heard was weird.† Art said he’d kicked a gentry girl out, but Moria sure had sounded like she’d escaped. If I thought his attitude was cool earlier, it was frigid now. â€Å"I find it equally weird that a shaman is chummy enough with gentry to be listening to their stories-and concerned about them. Why does it matter to you if humans are over there anyway?† â€Å"Because those humans might be harming gentry.† â€Å"And?† â€Å"And it’s not right.† He snorted and returned to his trimming. â€Å"They’re gentry, Eugenie. They’re not like us. And from what I hear, you’re not all that gentle with them anyway.† â€Å"When they’re in this world, yeah.† â€Å"Any world, Eugenie. They’re literally not human. Why do you care so much?† â€Å"None of your business.† The harsh words were out before I could stop them. Art paused again and this time turned to fully face me. â€Å"And it’s none of your business where I go and what I do-in either world.† My heart lurched in my chest. â€Å"What, are you saying it is you? That you have been over in the Otherworld recently?† â€Å"I’m saying I’m done with this discussion. You’re not welcome here if you’re just going to toss around ridiculous accusations-accusations that don’t even matter.† â€Å"It matters to them.† â€Å"I think you’re asking the wrong questions here. You need to examine your motives and figure out why you’re so eager to defend those who have no regard for us-and why you’re picking fights with your own kind.† I shot up, careful of the coffee. â€Å"I’m not picking a fight.† â€Å"Then get out of here before there is one.† We stood there, locked in antagonism, and I wondered if it would come to a fight. I was armed, and he wasn’t, though he was bigger and better-muscled. No, that was stupid. Why would he fight? He hadn’t confessed to anything, only grown hostile at what he read as me accusing him of things he didn’t consider crimes. That didn’t make him guilty-but it didn’t make him innocent either. Something just didn’t feel right here. â€Å"Fine,† I said, backing off. â€Å"I didn’t mean to upset you. I’m just trying to figure things out and make sure no one’s being wronged.† He smiled, but it was a far cry from the easy grin that had greeted me. â€Å"What in God’s name would you do if someone was? Come on, Eugenie. Don’t overinflate your sense of obligation-or importance. There’s no shaman police. You don’t have any jurisdiction or right to dictate what I or anyone else around here-or anywhere-does.† â€Å"Noted,† I said, heading toward my car. I was afraid if I stayed, I was going to say something I’d regret. Regardless if he had a role in all this, I didn’t like the callous way he treated gentry-particularly since it was similar to the attitude I’d once had. â€Å"I’ll send your regards to Roland.† â€Å"Make sure you do,† called Art. â€Å"And maybe you should have a talk with him about some of these ideas while you’re at it. Roland knows what’s right.† I bit my lip and got in the car without further comment. So. No real answers here, but something felt wrong about Art. He was too guarded and hostile, and despite his claims about not having been to the Otherworld recently, the rest of his comments made it seem very plausible that he could be lying. Yet, I realized what also bothered me as much as his reticence was his attitude toward the gentry. Roland’s was similar, albeit not as harsh, and he’d warned me away plenty of times. Kiyo also wanted me to keep out of gentry affairs-inasmuch as I could-which was rather hypocritical, considering his involvement. I was enmeshed, whether I liked it or not, and had accepted that my views on the gentry had changed. They were odd, and I didn’t always approve of them, but in their hearts, I knew they were people not all that different from me, full of the same feelings and hopes. I couldn’t understand how Art or anyone else could think girls disappearing was unimportant-even if they were gentry. It occurred to me as I drove away that Art hadn’t invited me inside either time. Coincidence? His meticulous yard certainly suggested he spent as much time outdoors as within. And yet†¦would I have found some evidence in there to shed more light on his activities? Damn. There was nothing to be done for it now, not with Art still there and suspicious of me. As I drove back through town toward the highway, a backup plan came to me. What had Art said? That Abigail was out of town for a few days? As of yet, I had no evidence whatsoever to suggest that she was involved with any of this Otherworldly intrigue, but she was an associate of Art’s. Maybe there was something to be unearthed at her place. So, I parked outside her apartment once more and slipped in past the antiques store. My athame, wand, and gun were my usual tools of the trade, but I did carry a few little-used ones, such as a quartz crystal for reading energy. I also had a small lock-picking kit I kept in my bag. Imps, trolls, and other creatures of that ilk sometimes tried to lock themselves away from me. If Abigail’s lock wasn’t particularly state of the art, I should be able to get in. It wasn’t, and judging from the lack of beeping, there was no alarm system within either. The closest she had was her herd of cats. They swarmed around me in a furry, slithering mass, less hostile than hungry. I wondered who fed them when she was gone. Uneasily, I decided to make this search quick, lest an unsuspecting pet sitter come trolling around. Searching wasn’t easy since the place was still cluttered with books, incense, and candles. My task was made more difficult by the fact that I had no clue what I was looking for. I lifted and moved things as best I could, hoping the place wouldn’t look ransacked. In spite of the mess, I was again struck by how nice the apartment was, how it had been expensively restored. The floors were true hardwoods-no laminate here-and all the molding and crownwork was elaborate and beautiful. This place couldn’t be cheap, and it seemed a shame she’d let her pack-rat habits get the best of it. Not that I was one to talk. I concluded my search with a quick scan of the bedroom. It was less messy and hence had less to browse. Her duvet was a patchwork of brightly colored silks, and the closet was filled with scarves and gauzy dresses. A jewelry box on her dresser displayed a stunning collection of necklaces and rings, and beside it was-so help me-a pair of handcuffs. I almost laughed, trying to imagine New Agey Abigail into something kinky. Maybe I hadn’t been the only one to visit the sex-toy shop. Of course, whereas mine had been cheap and lightweight, these were industrial-strength steel ones, like cops would use. If she was into kinky stuff, then it was pretty hardcore. I drove back to Tucson after that, arriving in early evening. My autopilot sense of direction started to take me home, and then, at the last moment, I called Tim. â€Å"Has Kiyo called or stopped by?† â€Å"Nope. But one of his cats threw up on the living-room floor.† â€Å"That’s not quite the same.† We disconnected, and I checked my cell phone for the hundredth time. Nope. No missed calls there either. With a sigh, I turned toward Saguaro National Park and its easy-access crossroads. If Kiyo couldn’t emerge from the Otherworld and into this one, then perhaps he’d sent some sort of message to the Thorn Land. I felt stupid and desperate, like a girl waiting by the phone. But what else could I do? Unfortunately, the Otherworldly news was no better. â€Å"No, your majesty,† said Nia. Her voice was anxious and apologetic, as though she herself was personally to blame. â€Å"There’s been no word.† I thanked her and figured that if I’d gone to the trouble to come here, I should find Shaya and get some sort of update. When I went searching, however, it was a most unexpected visitor I found instead: Girard, the dark-skinned courtier and metalsmith from Maiwenn’s party. â€Å"Your majesty,† he said with a bow, as flamboyant as ever. â€Å"I was hoping I’d see you before I had to leave.† â€Å"Before you had to†¦what are you doing here?† I asked, more perplexed than displeased by his presence. â€Å"I’ve come to bring you this.† Like a magician producing a rabbit from under his cape, Girard held out a stunning necklace. The chain was made of exquisite, swirling links that rippled like water, and a pear-shaped sapphire ringed in pearls hung from it. â€Å"Oh my God,† I gasped, taking it from him. â€Å"This is incredible. Did you make this?† â€Å"Yes, your majesty.† His voice was modest, but he was clearly pleased by my regard. â€Å"Who’s it from?† Recalling the comments others had made about his political aspirations, I half-expected it to be a gift from him. Then, suddenly and hopefully, I wondered if Kiyo had sent it as a token of affection since he had to spend so much time away from me. I wouldn’t have put it past Dorian either, but he would have presented it himself. â€Å"It’s from Prince Leith of the Rowan Land.† Of course. I should have known. Leith accepting his fate last night had been too good to be true. â€Å"His highness adds that he’ll also have me make a crown to match if you would like. He sends this with his greatest love and devotion.† â€Å"I’m sure he does.† I sighed and handed the necklace back. â€Å"Well, a crown is definitely out of the question, I’m afraid. And actually†¦I’m really sorry, Girard, but I can’t even keep this. I hate for your work to go to waste.† He took the necklace and deftly slipped it into one of his many pockets. â€Å"It’s no trouble at all. I understand how romantic affairs go-or rather, how they don’t go. His highness will be sad, but I enjoyed the chance to work on something new for a change, so it was worth it, even if it won’t grace your neck.† I recalled how he lived at Katrice’s court. â€Å"What do you usually work on?† He made a small face. â€Å"Her majesty Queen Katrice is partial to animals and collects figurines, jewelry†¦anything depicting them. Last week, I made a crystal squirrel. It was lovely, of course, but it’s the fifth squirrel I’ve made this year.† I couldn’t help but laugh. â€Å"Well, I guess I’m glad for this, then. Maybe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  An idea suddenly came to me. â€Å"Maybe I can give you another project away from her menagerie. Do you have the time?† Girard bowed low. â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"I heard you can work with iron to a certain extent. Here’s what I need†¦.† I described my problem with Jasmine and how I needed more flexible restraints that contained as much iron as he could handle. Theoretically, I could have brought over human handcuffs, but I wanted special ones not only for mobility but because I needed bronze or copper somewhere on them so that my guards could touch them if need be. Girard listened thoughtfully, nodding as I spoke. â€Å"Yes, of course I can do this. I can have them for you tomorrow.† â€Å"Whoa, I didn’t expect-â€Å" He threw back his head and laughed. â€Å"Your majesty, you forget that we don’t forge and work metal like humans do. I order the metal to bend, and it does. The rest is in skill and patience.† I supposed he had a point. I thanked him profusely, telling him that Shaya would settle the price with him later. Once he left, I then set out to find Shaya myself, still needing a report. Before I could, I was intercepted again-this time by Ysabel. She was alone, which I took to mean Dorian had returned to the Oak Land. That was something, at least. I didn’t want him camping out around here-particularly after my teary-eyed weakness last night. She came to a halt before me, arms crossed. Whatever fear she’d had from our last lesson seemed to have completely vanished. Maybe Dorian’s visit had reassured her. Or maybe she figured she had little to fear from someone who’d spent all of last night moping and drinking away her sorrows. â€Å"My lord says I still cannot leave until we’ve worked together at least one more time.† â€Å"Bummer,† I said and started to pass her. â€Å"I’ve got to find Shaya.† She blocked my way again. It was deja vu of the last time she’d accosted me about this. â€Å"Shaya’s gone right now. The sooner we get this over with, the better. I know you have nothing else to do with your time right now either. You’re simply waiting for your kitsune to throw you some sort of bone.† Alright, now she’d pissed me off, largely because she was right. â€Å"That’s not true. I have plenty of things to do. Besides, I don’t know if I really need your help anymore. I think at this point it’s all just practicing on my own.† With my mind, I reached out, feeling the different types of air around us. I stayed well away from her but pulled together several groups. Now that I understood their individual natures, it wasn’t that hard to combine them into larger gusts. I blasted the air through the hall, creating a gust of wind that rivaled the one she’d smugly showed me that first day. Her expression showed disdain, but I swear, there was fear in her eyes again. I remembered what Shaya had said, that I was learning too quickly and too well. â€Å"That is†¦acceptable,† Ysabel said at last. â€Å"But it was clumsy. And you can’t combine it with water yet to truly control the weather.† She was right on that, but I felt I had a good enough understanding of both to just keep practicing. â€Å"It’ll come with time. I’ll be fine on my own.† â€Å"My lord said one more time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  That scornful expression faded now, replaced by uncertainty. â€Å"There is something else†¦something†¦well, you haven’t even come close to it yet.† â€Å"I inherited storm magic. Water and air. What else is there?† â€Å"Follow me, and I’ll show you-if you can handle it.† There it was, the old attitude. It was almost comforting. She took me back out to the courtyard we’d been in last night. A servant I’d seen around the castle was painstakingly setting more tiles into the ground, expanding the patio area. We stood well away from him, and Ysabel continued keeping her arms crossed over her chest, posture still rigid and defensive. â€Å"I’ll be glad when this is over and I can return to the Oak Land. It’s obvious my lord misses me.† Her eyes glinted wickedly. â€Å"He made love to me last night with a passion I’ve never seen before. It left me screaming and aching in ecstasy.† I rolled my eyes and stopped myself from saying, Yeah, because he was thinking of me. â€Å"Let’s just get this over with so you can leave and get all the screaming and aching you want. What else was there I needed to know?† â€Å"There’s something else in the air,† she said. She bit her lip in thought, trying to articulate her meaning. â€Å"I can feel it, but I’m unable to touch it. Probably you can’t either.† â€Å"Can you be a little more specific?† â€Å"It’s always there†¦it’s like the pieces of the air are†¦prickly. Sharp to the touch. There are more of them, though, before a storm.† I stared stupidly for a moment, and then the human part of me put it together. â€Å"Lightning†¦you’re talking about making lightning,† I breathed. What was the scientific term? â€Å"Those are charged particles.† The term meant nothing to her, but she’d nodded when I mentioned lightning. Eagerness flared up in me, and I immediately felt out around me. Sensing all the air molecules was easy now. The only two I could name were oxygen and carbon dioxide. All the others had their own unique feel, but I couldn’t say if they were nitrogen or hydrogen or what. After a few minutes of groping with my mind, I shook my head. â€Å"I don’t feel anything like that.† Ysabel seemed pleased by this. â€Å"Like I said, you likely aren’t strong enough.† â€Å"It’s a clear day,† I pointed out. â€Å"There probably aren’t any around.† â€Å"No, they’re always there. There aren’t many today, but I can feel them.† I set my lips into a hard line, trying again. It was just like the old days with Dorian: endless waiting, save that he would have tied me up. Ysabel probably would have too if I’d let her, if only to use the chance to slit my throat. Air, air, air. Every particle unique, yet none of it had the sharp, prickly feel she was describing. Distantly, I remembered the one time I had summoned a storm. I’d been caught by an elemental gentry, on the verge of being raped while my mother lay injured. In my crazy desperation and panic, I’d summoned a storm that nearly leveled my house. I had little memory of how I’d done it, though. The whole thing was a blur, like some kind of dream that- All the hairs on my arms suddenly stood up. There. There, mixed in with other air above us was something†¦well, to put it bluntly, electric. It felt prickly, just as she’d described. I reached for it, trying to control it as I had the other particles, but it was slippery. It was like oil running through my fingers, and I understood now why she couldn’t do it. It was a very different phenomenon. Steeling myself, I tried again, and for one heartbeat, I drew them together into a knot. The smell of ozone filled the air, and then I lost my grip. No flash of light, no thunder. But Ysabel’s face was aghast. â€Å"You†¦you did it. You shouldn’t have been able to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I didn’t really do anything.† â€Å"You shouldn’t have been able to do that†¦not yet†¦. I can’t even touch them.† Too fast and too easily. Just like my father. â€Å"I’m nowhere near to being there yet.† I hoped I sounded reassuring. â€Å"This is going to be harder.† I couldn’t say how I knew; it was just something I felt. Wielding air, creating wind†¦that would come with practice. Lightning was a different beast. But when I did†¦ I suddenly shivered and was astonished at the exultation that ran through me. If I could learn to create and control lightning†¦Jesus Christ. That kind of power was unimaginable. It was a large part of what had made Storm King so feared. Being able to do that would be unbelievable. Amazing. Exquisite. Being like a god†¦ I snapped myself out of those thoughts, aghast at what I’d been thinking-again. Talk about megalomania. I was no god. Craving that kind of power was wrong; everyone said so. Well, those from the human world, at least. Yet, if I could summon lightning, I could blow a fair number of those fucking demons out of existence. Surely that was a good use of my power. Unfortunately, what I’d said to Ysabel was true. It was going to take awhile, and until I developed some other amazing weapon, those demons were going to keep coming back and- I froze, suddenly forgetting about the phenomenal power I’d just touched. I had a weapon right in front of me, something that might seriously get rid of those demons once and for all. Unfortunately, it was not an easy one to use. â€Å"Son of a bitch,† I said. â€Å"Jasmine.† How to cite Thorn Queen Chapter Sixteen, Essay examples

Research Methodology Essentials Social Research

Question: Describe about the Research methodology Essentials of social research? Answer: Introduction The term research has something aura concerning it. Usually researchers are seen, as detached persons who segregate themselves in academic laboratories and libraries. The study will massively concentrate on the various types of problems that a research can face during the time of operation. The various constitutes of a research problem are also studied with detailed scrutiny within the study in the desired section as per the need. Moreover, the study will also shed light on the components of a well -formed problem statement (Gibaldi, 2009). Meanwhile, the various types of research and its use are also discussed within the study. Hence, the study will educate the reader with massive knowledge regarding the various methods of researches and its drawbacks. Character of a research problem The field of commerce, among all others drug and education always has a room for investigations. Creating learning opportunities are always assisted by research, which either offers a proof of the documents that have been already studied, or offer extracted information that oppose the studied document. Form two perspectives, the problem of the research should act as a helping hand in civilizing the existing or present trouble. The subject that needs to be investigated should establish what and where the researcher is assigning to the business organization, government or the public. The problem of the research should be able to identify the exact objectives regarding that the study speaks. The world depends on researchers and their research to get access to modification and improvement (Jha, 2009). Hence, it can be said that research is of utmost importance in develop the society of any economy. Developing of a research problem during the time of conducting a research plays a huge rol e of significance for the overall success of that particular research. Therefore, a researchable problem does not need to support any sort of personal gain. Gibaldi, (2009) opines that if any research does not improve or advance the information of the world, then it can be stated that the research is just a collection of information. These types of researches do not have any huge value in the professional world, but alternatively these researches helps the future researches to a massive extent. Constitution of a researchable problem In order to decide on a research problem, an individual needs to have adequate knowledge regarding the topic of the research. The individual also needs to know, which projects has the ability to make vast charity to the field of the research. The individual can choose from various strategies, which are available to explore at the time of selecting a research problem. The detailed study of these problems will clear the views regarding this section, which is discussed below: The first plan is looking at the surroundings about oneself. These observations are of utmost importance, as this will help the researchers to identify the different problems that need to be solved. The globe consists of various troubles that need to be solved within a specific span of time (Kalof, Dan Dietz, 2010). These problems can be addressed through researches. Meanwhile, studying the present and past literature is also a strategy that is used by many researchers in order to construct a successful research. The studying of these papers enables the researchers to challenge the previous research outcome that appear conflicting to what and individual knows or believes to be right. The second strategy is attending specialized conferences that converse concerning issues touching the society to a huge extent. These conferences help an individual to recognize a problem. The third strategy is seeking counsel from the various experts, or people who have vast knowledge in the field of research (Reiter, 2012). Experts have huge experience is the desired field and hence, understand the issues that needs a solution at its earliest. On the other hand, conferences can also help the researchers to extract various pivotal elements for the success of the research. The other advantage of attending conferences is that the researcher will gain access to various other experts, who keep an interest in the same field. The researcher can create a network with these people, which can be of huge help in the time of need. According to Turabian, (2009) a researchable trouble should be intriguing or motivating to the study and at the same time should be worth of drawing attention. Final ly, the investigators should make judgments about them based on their research topic. Components of a well formed problem report After the canvasser has deployed the above stated strategies in choosing a significant research difficulty, the next step should be taken which shows the procedure to solve the problem. Almost six strategies may be significant to explore at the time of articulating a researchable difficulty. The primary strategy is stating the difficulty comprehensively and plainly. The researcher needs to clearly highlight the research problem. This can only be achieved, when the researcher will avoid confusing, deceiving statements or various incomplete thoughts and theories. Additionally, the researcher also needs to choose a practical societal problem (Leiter, 2012). Thinking throughout the feasibility of the research difficulty is the second strategy, which can be adopted by the researcher. The pattern of the study and how will it be performed must be accounted through an individual, who has a sharp focal point on a certain concern within a research field. The communicating to the readers can be prcised as the third strategy (Tep.uoregon.edu, 2015). The accuracy has a massive significant to the investigators at the time of stating the research problem. In case, the researcher gets inaccurate with his or her own words, the status of the researcher can be troubled with huge negative impact. The one and only important principle of academic community is that each statement constructed by a scholar should have absolute honesty and integrity. Additionally, the statement of research difficulty does not need to engage the private bias of the investigator. What constitutes a reasonable theoretical framework for the need of the study? A theoretical structure is referred to a compilation, which relates to any certain topics or concepts. This determines the variables that is needed to be measured and guides the research as well. This definition certainly shows that it is evident that theoretical framework comprise of related theories. The descriptive design explains and concentrates on the brief that is happening within the scenario or case study of the research subject (Hutton, 2011). On the other hand, Pearl, (2014) opined that theoretical frameworks are massively and astonishingly important in exploratory researches. These are sections where the researchers think that they do not have huge knowledge regarding the literature of the study and needs to know more. Theoretical frameworks are of huge significant in these types of studies for two reasons. The first reason is states that it is impossible for individual not to have predetermined ideas though they majorly appear to be very common in scenery (Bhandari, 2009). However, it can also be said that being uninformed of the theoretical problem can turn out to be a huge issue for the researcher. Conclusion Agent solutions are required for the numerous researchable problems, which are present in the world. Hence, to enable the actual procedure of looking for solutions by researching an effective statement of the researchable problem is of huge significance. The study also concludes that a collection of related topics and concepts, which is mostly theory, is referred as a theoretical framework. Hence, it can be said that applying the desired strategy is not enough, as applying the right strategy at the right time has a huge significance regarding the success of the research. Reference List Books Gibaldi, J. (2009). MLA handbook for writers of research papers. New York: Modern Language Association of America Jha, N. (2009). Research methodology. Chandigarh: Abhishek Publications Kalof, L., Dan, A., Dietz, T. (2010). Essentials of social research. England: Open Univ Pr Turabian, K. (2009). A manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Journals Hutton, J. (2011). A Deductive Approach Research!. (2014). Organic Chem Curr Res, 04(01). Bhandari, S.(2009). Positivism to Research. SSRN Journal Leiter, B.(2012). Research Positivism?. SSRN Journal Pearl, J. (2014). The Deductive Approach to Causal Research. Journal Of Causal Research, 2(2). Reiter, R. (2012). An approach to deductive question-answering systems in research. ACM SIGART Bulletin, (61), 41 Website Tep.uoregon.edu,. (2015). Strategies: What Makes a Good Research Problem?. Retrieved 4 June 2015, from https://tep.uoregon.edu/showcase/crmodel/strategies/good_research_problems.html

Sample of Cdr Templet free essay sample

Objective Seeking a professional position in the field of electrical power engineering utilizing my technical and commercial experience and interpersonal skills, I prefer working in an innovative environment with possibility of further career development. Education University degree: Bachelor of science, Electrical power and machines section, Ain Shams University, June 1999 Overall grade: Good Project grade: Distinction Position: 17th of the successful students totalling (231) Current job since December 2004 Working for XXXXXXXX- DUBAI UAE as a senior projects engineer in the project Management Department, covering Gulf countries (UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain). Where my achievements and accountabilities are: ? Participated in establishment and development of the projects department (consultation business) in Schneider Electric Gulf. Prepared technical and commercial offers for the projects (MV, LV and packages) in different market segments. ? Strongly provided technical and commercial support to Schneider’s sales force in Gulf countries and to our agents to facilitate optimum positioning of Schneider Electric‘s offer in their Markets. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample of Cdr Templet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? Developed the technical tender response, in cooperation with the sales team, taking into consideration the customer needs, and managed to optimise the proposals in terms of competitive positioning to the customer which lead to profitability to the company. Followed up the contracts closely on regular basis to ensure registered margin, to meet contractual deadlines and to ensure delivery of correct equipment in accordance to customer’s requirements in time. ? Conducted and developed excellent relations with the customers. ? February 2004 – November 2004 Working for xxxxxxx (Industrial Solutions and Services ) as a projects engineer , (CLIENT : BECHTEL Houston) in the LNG project ( liquefaction of Natural gas) ,and my accountabilities and achievements were: ? Responsible for all Bechtel’s automation tools (Setroute software and 3D Model) to achieve full co-ordination and compliance with Bechtel’s requirements as well as their reporting systems. ? Succeeded to propose optimal means to reduce equipment (materials and tools) and productivity costs. ? Provided technical support to all departments involved in the construction cycle to achieve customer satisfaction, also handling all customer’s modifications and reporting their relevant cost and delay impacts. Managed to provide solutions (drawings, BOQ, calculation notes, reports) for all electrical systems as electrical raceways, cables, lighting, earthing and switchgears. Experience This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. August 2001 to February 2004 Working for xxxxxx as a senior projects engineer in the project Management Departme nt, in the Industry, oil and gas and export Sectors (Gulf countries and East Mediterranean and south America). Where my achievements and accountabilities are ? ? ? ? ? ? Prepared technical and commercial offers for the projects in the industry, oil and gas market Segment as well as for all export jobs. Provided technical and commercial support to Schneider’s sales offices in Gulf and East Med. and to our agents to facilitate optimum positioning of Schneider Electric Egypt’s offer in their Markets. Prepared strong competing promotional and pre-qualifications files in order to penetrate new markets and to be added to suppliers lists for the huge companies in the oil and gas field in the Gulf. Responsible for achieving the annual sales budget (order intake) for the export accounts. Followed up the contracts closely on regular basis to meet contractual deadlines and to ensure delivery of correct equipment in accordance to customer’s requirements in time. Identified discrepancies between registered and actual margins, rationalized causes, and proposed improvements in the contractual process. Promoted and used standard solutions studied by the technical department to reduce production time and cost ? 12th of September 1999 to 1st of August 2001 Working for xxxxxxx as a design engineer in the design and standardisation Department where my achievements were: ? Designed Medium voltage, low voltage, power factor correction switchgears and Motor control centres (MCCs) ? Contributed to the development of optimal and economical solutions in the offer and order stage of different projects to comply with the requirements of the customer and to the international norms and standards. ? Studied and designed contracts requiring high technical knowledge to produce documents (drawings, bill of materials, calculation notes, studies and manuals) needed for the customer as well as for the manufacturing cycle. Succeeded to propose optimal means to reduce equipment and productivity costs. ? Provided technical support to all departments involved in the industrial cycle to achieve customer satisfaction. ? Managed to provide standard solutions (drawings, BOQ, programs) to be used by the company for future contracts completion. ? Resolved the non-conformities. Technical training Summer 1998 At Landis Staefa (Petrokima): included training on electrical panels m anufacturing Landis Staefa controls, and participated in some running tenders (The Meredian extension project). h th ? 15 of March to 15 of June 2000: Participated in the NRTP training program at Schneider Electric Egypt: Included training in different departments (technical office, Project Management, procurement, Quality control Department, the L. V. M. V. workshops, the sales division). ? ? This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. Software skills Microsoft office including Excel, Word, Access and power point. Haendel (Schneider’s professional drawing program). Worked intensively on professional softwares used in programming Modicon PLCs and Schneider’s microprocessor based digital multifunctional relays (Sepam range) ? ? ? ? Arabic: mother tongue English: fluent French: Fair Spoken Languages Other courses Interpersonal and soft skills as Communication skills, problem solving and decision making, negotiation skills, trainings were given by PSDP European Management Centre, held in 2001 2003. Skills and affiliations References Personal data ? Practicing sports, traveling and reading. ? References are available upon request ? ? ? ? ? Full name: xxxxx xxxxx Date of Birth: xxxxxxxx Nationality: xxxxxxxxx Marital status: Single Military Service: exempted This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. Career Episode -1 Duration : Name of employer: Designation: From October 1999 to July 2001 xxxxxx , EGYPT Electrical Design Engineer/ Project Engineer INTRODUCTION xxxxxx Egypt. s one of the best-known multinational companies and a market leader in the field of electrical equipment. The core business undertaken by the company are Electrical Engineering projects, including manufacturing, supplying, installation, commissioning and testing of electrical equipment, low voltage and medium voltage equipment, as well as control systems. 1. 1 I had the opportunity to join xxxxxx right after my graduation a s an Electrical Engineer. I had already completed the 5year full-time course in Bachelor of Electrical Engineering in Ain Shams University. The first year of the course included some papers in Mathematics, and also provided a basic knowledge of physical sciences underpinning Engineering, mechanics, and chemistry. It also provided an overview of other disciplined of Engineering. The later years concentrated more particularly on the various aspects of Electrical Engineering. Of special interest to were some papers on Electrical Machines (I and II). Included in this was the design of various Electrical machines such as Motors, Generators etc. We had to design the shaft and rotor, calculate Input and Output values, losses, and so on for the machinery. I joined xxxxxx in 1999, which is one of the market leaders in electrical switchgear manufacturing. Initially I participated in a three month training called NRTP (New Recruits’ Training Program) during which I worked with different departments (sales, project management, design office, logistics, the workshop, and the site services) to have an indepth understanding of the nature of the work undertaken by the company. On the completion of my training period, I started my responsibilities as an Electrical Design Engineer and joined the company as a permanent employee. . 2 My main responsibilities were to design, issue bill of materials and drawings for low voltage and medium voltage switchgears as well as motor control centers (MCCs), and power factor correction for projects in all market segments. 1. 3 I will detail below one of the particular tasks I was in charge of as a design engineer. It was to standardize the use of electronic motor starters (soft starters) instead of co nventional star delta starter as a starting method for squirrel cage induction motors. 1. General information regarding the project: In general, the commonly used methods of motor starting are the following: direct on line starting, star delta starting, autotransformer starters. These are the conventional methods of motor starting which depend on contactors, bi-metallic thermal overload relays†¦etc. However, electronic starters, known as ‘soft starters’, with variable speed drives using power electronics technology are rapidly replacing the old conventional starters due to various advantages to the user as well as the ease in installation. The Objective of the project were: This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. ? ? ? ? Promote the soft starter product of xxxx – (Brand name is Telemecanique). Cost reduction of motor starters of small ratings up to 15 KW. Price reduction of the MCC panels (motor control centers) which are composed of these starters. Standardize the schematic/control drawings and bill of materials to reduce time and cost of design. 1. In addition to the three months training, I had another 3 days technical specialized training on soft starters conducted by the Product manager, I also carried out an in-depth study of all the relevant catalogues and technical documents. I was well prepared to take on the full responsibility for the assigned project. My job mainly involved the following: ? Prepare standard detailed material list (BOQ) for every standard motor r ating to include all the required components with their proper quantities and part Numbers (such as the Circuit breaker, soft starter, terminal blocks, selector switch and auxiliary control relays†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc). Design the schematic (control circuit) where I followed the concept of value engineering which involves providing necessary functions at lowest cost, and the identification and elimination of unnecessary costs. and I prepared the complete drawing for each motor rating. Calculate the cost saving in each motor rating by comparing the prices of the conventional starter components with the electronic motor starter components. Calculate the accurate space required for each motor starter in the panel for both cases (conventional and electronic). ? ? 1. 6 In 3 weeks time the initial study was complete, and I had the complete file ready including all the Bill of quantities and drawings to be used by all the designers in their different projects. 1. 7 As shown by the study, we achieved 13% cost saving as a result of using these starters, however we had two more challenges ahead, first to increase awareness of the consultants and end-users regarding the advantages of using the electronic start ers, and secondly to further increase the cost saving by 2 or 3 % more. . 8 I started collecting data from the marketing department regarding the approximate quantities of starters required annually, market price and details of main competitors. Based on these data, I started negotiation with our soft starter supplier in France trying to get the best transfer prices. 1. 9 In few months time I was able to get our first order for MCCs including soft starters, after several technical/commercial discussions with the consultant. It was for a pharmaceutical Co. During the execution of the job, I was responsible for following up the process in the workshop to ensure we are meeting the project requirements and IEC international standards. I instructed the technicians regarding all the required precautions and installation recommendations before they started the assembly. Assembly is carried out as per the following steps: This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. ) The switchgear enclosure assembly b) Installing the main horizontal bus bars c) Then the vertical bus bars. d) Fixing the metal sheet mounting plates. e) Fixing the functional units circuit breakers. f) Fixing the motor starters (soft starters). After the switchgear manufacturing was finished, I followed up the final quality control. I had to ensure compliance to the standards and specifications by: ? ? ? ? ? Visual inspection of the switchgear Checking the compliance with the shop drawings. Mechanical checking. Checking the wiring. Testing the sequence of operation (control circuits). I also attended the customer inspection in our factory. 1. 10 As the second phase of the project, I started coordinating with the logistics department to create all the data of the components on their system, including the part numbers, full technical description, transfer prices, and also to forecast annual consumption so that we can build effective stock, as per the forecasted requirements. 1. 11 I always ensure that the technical specifications were met and the technical data sheets were well prepared. By this technique cost over-runs can be eliminated and the smooth progress of work can be ensured. 1. 12 As the number of orders with soft starters started to increase, it became necessary to provide training to all the designers. I conducted technical training sessions for the staff of the design office. As a result, the technical competency within our design team increased, and they became totally autonomous. 1. 13 We were able to achieve a high competency level internally in terms of designing, costing and logistics. I also provided technical support to the product manager and the sales force in the early bidding stages of the projects. Our team work was highly successful. Working on such a project was beneficial for me as I learnt a lot in terms of dealing with other departments, consultants and various major clients. I was able to overcome numerous problems arising on site. Solving the problems gave a boost to my managerial and technical skills in all aspects of designing, planning and execution of large projects. Working with this organisation This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. was an extremely rich experience for my career , I was able to understand Electrical Engineering in depth, and to apply what I had learnt in the work environment. Career Episode 2 Supply and commissioning of Electrical Engineering package for Gas production plant Name of employer: Duration: Designation: xxxxxxx, EGYPT FROM AUGUST 2001 TILL FEB 2004 Senior Project Engineer (Electrical) INTRODUCTION After working for almost two years in the design office in xxxx, I was selected to join the Project Management/ Operations Department in the designation of Senior Project Engineer. By this promotion , I was moving up in my career in Schneider Electric. The qualifications required for joining the Project Management Department included a minimum of 2 years of technical experience, and excellent communication and interpersonal skills since the nature of the job requires full interaction and coordination with all the internal departments, suppliers, clients and consultants. I joined the Project Management Department in August 2001, working mainly in the oil and gas, and export sectors. 2. 1 As described above it is a technical-commercial position. Since I already had good technical experience, I only had to enhance and strengthen my commercial / managerial capabilities. I was trained for one month on the different quotation tools, and financial aspects such as Letter of Credit, bank guarantees, logistics and incoterms. I also underwent some training courses to improve communication skills, negotiation skills, time management and problem solving capability. . 2 After one month’s training, I was quite ready and capable to take on my new challenge as a Project manager in the oil and gas market segment as well as for the export projects. In fact, the oil and gas sector is the most critical among all other market segments, since the oil and gas clients are all major international EPCs (Engineering, procurement and construction) including Bechtel, KBR, Technip. The nature of the oil and gas projects are of high technical specifications with strong safety and reliability requirements. 2. xxxxxx was invited for bidding in a major project for the supply of the complete electrical package. It was a targeted project for Schneider Electric, and we were very much interested in getting this prestigious project. 2. 4 I was appointed to handle this project in the tendering stage, and also in the order stage( in case of the project being awarded to our organization). This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. 2. General information on the project: The project was called Scarab Saffron development project for gas production, it was located in Idco – Alexandria – Egypt. The client was a consortium between ENPPI and Bechtel UK. The scope of the electrical package included supply, testing and co mmissioning of 3. 3KV Medium voltage switchgear, power transformers, Low voltage main distribution switchgears 4000A, LV MCCs (motor control centres), DC system (batteries and battery chargers), Bus duct, UPS and SCADA system (electrical distribution supervisory system), relay co-ordination and short circuit calculation studies. . 6 My main responsibility was divided into two main phases 1. Tendering phase: ? Study in depth the enquiry documents (technical and commercial). ? Finalize any clarifications on the tender documents with customer ? Prepare complete technical and commercial offer 2. Project Execution: ? Final negotiation of order commercial conditions. ? Contract review and acknowledgment ? Following up the project execution to meet the contractual obligations. ? Ensure achieving the registered gross margin and profitability for the company. Ensure high quality service for the customer and meeting the whole project schedule (the whole gas plant) and coordinating with differ ent suppliers in the project and with mechanical scope of the project. 2. 7 The main problem I was facing was that to remain competitive and win the contact for the project, and at the same time to fully comply with the specifications, keeping high quality in terms of reliability and safety (which can by no means be compromised in oil and gas industry). My only solution was the value engineering, exploring different alternatives to achieve required functions through the most cost effective ways. I started studying tender documents in details and clarified any vague points. Part of the ‘scope of work’ can be manufactured in our factory, and some equipment had to be sourced from different suppliers. I sent the request for quotations to the different suppliers, I evaluated their offers in co-ordination with our design engineers, held meetings with the suppliers to discuss their proposals and to try to optimize their offers. 2. I collected all the information on previous (similar) tenders, particularly regarding the prices of other competitors, and the main technical requirements. 2. 9 As a result, I was in a better position to set target prices for suppliers. 2. 10 Finally in 6 weeks time, and before the bidding closing date I was able, with the coordination of the design office and the sales department, to integrate a com petitive compliant technical and commercial offer for the complete electrical package. It was then reviewed and accepted by the top management prior to submitting the proposal. 2. 1 Proposals for all bidders went through technical evaluation by the client, and after three rounds of technical clarifications which took almost 2 months time, we were short listed as a technically successful bidder. 2. 12 During the technical evaluation rounds, we used one strong technical advantage in our offer which led to better positioning of our offer. This was the use of low voltage motor starters with coordination type 2. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. As per IEC standards, motor starters are classified into co-ordination type 1 and 2, They both protect people and property, however in co-ordination type 1 starter , when an electrical fault occurs due to a short circuit, the starter components have to be checked, and the circuit breaker or the contactors due to contacts welding has to be changed. In this case highly qualified maintenance staff are required. This also disrupts the continuity of service, which is very crucial in oil and gas industry, as time is needed to replace the defected components and put the starter into service again. While in co-ordination type 2, after an electrical fault occurs, the starter can be put into service again without changing any components, only slight welding of contacts might be required. Inmost cases, the fault can be easily cleared by switching on and off the contactor few times. The basic idea behind co-ordination type 2 starters is selecting an oversized contactor, and the combination of starter components (circuit breaker, contactor and overload relay) are all tested together in the manufacturer’s laboratories. So this type of coordination ensures continuity of service and does not require highly qualified technicians at site. We were offering motor starters of co-ordination type 2 to comply with the project requirements, and this was a great advantage which was not offered by all manufacturers. Then the commercial proposal was evaluated Schneider Electric Egypt was awarded this contract which was the biggest in 2003, and our combined efforts were greatly appreciated by the top management. The second bidder was 4% higher in price and the overall proposed delivery time was one month more . 2. 3 At this time I had to start the second phase which is the execution of the project. I started started by finalizing and acknowledging the purchase order. Kick-off meetings were held to start the process and I worked on getting the full technical documents and drawings approved. 2. 14 I conducted a site survey with our site services engineers so that to ensure proper coordination with the overall plant system such as civil works, mechanical works, and the environmental conditions of the plant, so we better understood the process of the plant, and were fully aware of the overall system. I also checked the overall plant completion schedule, so as to prioritize our deliveries to be in-line with the overall schedule requirements. 2. 15 During the course of the project execution, the client came up with some changes and modifications in the loads (motor ratings), which had some price and delivery impacts. I had a series of meetings with the client, and the rates and technical requirements for the variations were mutually agreed upon. 2. 16 One of technical difficulties we faced was that the client changed the electrical equipment arrangement in the electrical room. As a result the space reserved for the low voltage switchboard became insufficient, and at that time we were already in the final stage of manufacturing. The designed and approved length of the low voltage switchboard was 9900 mm, however after the change in arrangement of equipment , the available space was only 4800 mm , and the civil works and the openings in the concrete slabs had been done accordingly as per the initial design. Being in late stage of the project execution made the situation even worse. I has discussions with the client to sort out this issue. Then I had to study different solutions to comply with the available space. I had to re-design the switchboard, trying out different layouts and re-arranging the electrical component layout within the switchboard. I was also trying my best to keep the components which were already installed unchanged so as to minimize further work involved and the time required for modification. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. om – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. After 4 days of detailed study, I proposed to the customer a new layout, which was â€Å"U† shape. Also I had to change the switchboard to be of the rear connection type (cables to be connected from the rear of the panel) as this also helped in removing some of the cable ducts and hence reduce the overall width. The switchboard being a â€Å"U† shape requires 2 additional cubicles (corners) which required special design as the bus bar rating was high, 4000A. Finally, this proposal was approved by the customer, however the only remaining problem was that the time required to manufacture these 2 additional cubicles (corners) was 2 months, while delivery of the switchboard was supposed to be in 5 weeks time. So we proposed that we would deliver the switchboard partially, meaning that all the columns/cubicles will be delivered as a first batch to allow the contractor to start fixing the panels and to start cable termination, while the 2 additional corners will be supplied as a second batch. I also agreed to send our services engineer to ensure proper integration and installation of the complete switchboard at site. Also the contractor had to modify the civil works as per our recommendations. 2. 17 I attended all the witnessed FAT (factory acceptance tests), only minor modifications were required, some of these were rectified in the factory, and some others were cleared at site after delivery. 2. 18 I supervised the site activities which included the commissioning, testing and start- up of all the supplied equipment as well as testing the interface with the over-all site control system. . 18 Working on such a project for almost one and half year throughout the project life cycle has enhanced both my engineering and management skills to a great extent. It has provided me with varied experience in all aspects of project management. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for thos e looking to make the move down under. Career Episode -3 Establishing Projects management Department in the GULF region Period : Since 26th December 2004 till present Name of employer: xxxxxxx – DUBAI Designation : Senior Project Engineer (Electrical) INTRODUCTION 3. 1 xxxxxxxx is one of the major entities of the corporate organisation, keeping xxxxxx as the market leader for Low voltage and medium voltage products in the Gulf. It is also considered as one of the fastest growing subsidiaries of Schneider Electric world-wide in terms of revenue and profitability. In line with the fast growing economy and business in the gulf region, especially Dubai and Qatar, the management decided to cope with this dynamic market by bringing expertise from different Schneider entities to build a projects consultation centre (Projects Management Team). I consider it as my greatest career opportunity to be the first to join this newly created department , and play a role in establishing this type of projects business in the region, utilizing my six years of experience in Schneider Egypt. 3. I started my new position on 26th December 2005 as a Senior Projects Engineer in the projects Department which we called ‘Local Consultation Centre. 3. 3 The project management department is responsible for: ? ? ? ? Study of tenders in depth (technically and commercially). Promote Schneider’s standard solutions and packages and better position schneider’s offer in the market. Prepare technical and commercial offers for projects electrical package. Proje cts execution and follow up ensuring delivery of correct equipment on time and meeting all contractual terms. Ensure achieving the registration margins, profitability for the company. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. In addition to the above, my responsibilities included setting up the system in terms of forms, documentation, process, interface with other departments, suppliers and customers, as well as building a central database for all Gulf projects. 3. 4 In a very short time, (three months time) we were successful to win our first big project . Project Information †¢ †¢ †¢ a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Project : Al Ain Air College – District cooling plant. Customer : SNC-Lavalin Tabreed Scope of Schneider: Supply, testing, commissioning and start-up of the electrical equipment package comprising: 11KV Metal clad switchgear, with SF6 circuit breaker, 1250A, 25KA/3sec, IP41. 3. 3KV Metal clad switchgear with SF6 CB, 2500A, 25KA /3sec, IP41. Cast resin Power transformers 11KV/3. 3KV, 7MVA Cast resin Distribution transformers 11KV/0. 4KV, 2. 8MVA 3. 3KV Soft starters for chillers. LV/LV isolating transformers. Relay co-ordination study. 3. 5 At the beginning of the project I conducted 3 kick-off meetings with the client to figure out the real needs of the whole district cooling plant project as an over-all system, so that we provide the appropriate scheme and control system, in terms of power demand , ensuring proper sizing of all equipment including current transformers, circuit breakers and bus bars. We also had to prepare the completion schedule, ensuring we are in line with the overall system progress. We also confirmed the environmental data of the site which is located in Al-Ain in UAE, to make sure we are providing the appropriate equipment degree of protection IP, to provide anti-condensate heaters for humid conditions, to apply adequate de-ration factors for bus bars and circuit breakers in case of high ambient conditions (which is the case in this part of the world). 3. 6 The real difficulty, risk and challenge I was facing was our limited capabilities in terms of resources, tools and effective set- up since we were in the beginning stages of operation. I had only two engineers and a draftsman at that time, and we had to do the engineering drawings, BOQ, calculation notes and all technical documentation submittals; project contractual follow up, handling modifications by advising technical feasibility and their relevant commercial impacts on price and the delays involved. We also had to look into logistics issues such as following up with suppliers (in France and USA) and the forwarder. We also followed up financial aspects as invoicing, receivables and monitoring our margins. 3. The project execution period was approximately ten months, during this period the management was strongly supporting us to overcome any obstacles, and a real team work was taking place to secure the contract. I was very closely following with our suppliers in France, guiding them especially in the technical issues and ensuring that they meet the contractual dates. 3. 8 Our project scope was mainly divided into two major phases: a) Supply of the equipments t o the site. b) Site activities (supervision on installation, commissioning and start up). This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. om – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. After completion of the first phase, we started preparations in advance for the second phase by mobilization at project site, arranging for the tools and equipment necessary for testing. One of the main activities during commissioning is the setting of all the protective relays according to the relay coordination study that are prepared. I had to overcome a critical problem in this stage, which was the lack of upstream electrical network data and difficulty of achieving selectivity. The purpose of the relay co-ordination study is to achieve selectivity (discrimination) between different levels of the network, to ensure continuity of service and reliability. In other words, it is to set the protection relays with fault values and time values in such a way as to ensure that in case of any electrical fault , the closest circuit breaker feeding the fault will trip not the main upstream breaker, thus we can isolate the faulty section without interfering with other loads in the network. We needed the settings and type of curve of the existing upstream relay so that we can carry out the coordination study, but the client and AADC (AL Ain distribution company), confirmed that these data and documents are not available and that the upstream relay is an old fashion electro-mechanical relay supplied more than 20 years ago. I checked the upstream existing switchgear at site to get the exact type and model of the relay as well as the settings, and later with very much difficulty I found the curve characteristics on the internet. Then came the main problem, when it was found out that according to the information of the upstream relay it was impossible to achieve co-ordination since the upstream over current and time settings were very low. Initially we requested AADC to check the possibility of changing the upstream settings to the required settings. However, after they checked the complete upstream network they came back to us confirming that it is not possible to make any changes. It was a serious problem especially since the project start-up date was planned to be within a months’ time. It was quite obvious that the current or time selectivity cannot be achieved, so I was looking for an alternative solution, and after few days of checking the detailed technical manuals and catalogues of our microprocessor protective multifunction relays Sepam ( Merlin Gerin type), and the schematic drawings, I found that we can achieve logic discrimination between our provided 11Kv and 3. 3KV switchgears, since this feature is available in our provided relays. When a downstream relay senses a fault it will give a blocking digital input signal to the upstream relay to delay its tripping for an adjustable time, which is sufficient to let the downstream relay trip and isolate the fault. This solution was an alternative solution to the normal (commonly used) time and current discrimination. 3. 9 All site work was carried out in full co-ordination with different suppliers , such as chiller suppliers and generator suppliers, and the plant was successfully energized. 3. 10 Finally the project was completed and handed over to the client. The realized margin was in line with our targeted margin at the beginning of the project. Commissioning reports were also prepared and analysed for possible ways of improvement. It is also submitted to the Management for their reference, review and comments about improvement opportunities, if any. 3. 11 This project success was the main trigger and motivation for the company to decide increasing the resources and capabilities immediately to cope with the unbelievable fast moving business cycle in UAE. It was also decided to increase the scope of our activity to include supplying EMCS (energy management and control system) in 2006. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. 3. 12 Working on this project was of great importance for me, since I had the chance to go through the whole cycle, preparing the quotation, negotiating the offer, awarding of contract, and execution of work at project site. During my career, I always ensure that my work is professional and ethical. 3. 13 In addition to this project, we also managed to win few more projects. Our internal set-up is now organized. CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Trainings: Summer 1998 At Landis Staefa (Petrokima): included training on electrical panels manufacturing Landis Staefa controls, and participated in some running tenders (The Meredian extension project). 15th of March to 15th of June 2000: Participated in the NRTP training program at Schneider Electric Egypt: Included training in different departments (technical office, Project Management, procurement, Quality control Department, the L. V. M. V. workshops, the sales division). Courses undergone: Microsoft office including Excel, Word, Access and power point.

Americas Teens up in Smoke essays

Americas Teens up in Smoke essays On every street corner in America, you will find a teen smoking. Even though a number of commercials and school orientations have given the effects of smoking, the kids feel they are invincible to the effects smoking can cause. Tobacco companies have targeted the youth, ages eleven to seventeen, because they are the future of their industry and very influential (Britannica online). Yes it is true; the future of America has been the focus of their progression. However, how can we have a healthy outlook on the future if 34.8 percent of our youth are inhaling five hundred chemicals into their bodies (Britannica online)? Society needs to focus on telling teenagers the numerous effects of smoking, so they can live a healthier life. The effects of smoking have long been proven to destroy out bodies. The number one disease caused by smoking is cancer. Ola James husband died of lung cancer this past summer. She says Every time I see someone light a cigarette, I think of how sick Richard was and it breaks my heart. She has watched the one person who meant more to her than anyone else in the world, die from a disease that TV has advertised for years. Although a smoker for many years, Richard James might be alive today if he had quit smoking when he was young. Smoking can also cause emphysema, which is a condition of the lungs marked by distension and frequently by impairment of heart action. Smoking has also been known to cause yellow stains on teeth, inflamed gums, periodontal disease, and other diseases of the mouth (Britannica online). With that in mind, who wants to have a cigarette hanging out of their mouth? Well the answer to that question can be answered in two words . . . todays youth. While no one really understands why teenagers take their first puff, whether its peer pressure or another reason, the fact is that they do. Obviously the ...

Supreme Court Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Supreme Court - Essay Example Upon the state's appeal, the Wisconsin Court of Appeals adhered to the suppression ruling in a decision of two-to-one. The issue in this project deals with witnesses to a crime identifying a suspect prior to in-person identifications. One teller had seen the defendant's arrest on television the night before a photo lineup was scheduled. Another teller had seen the defendants' photo in a newspaper story covering his arrest. And yet another teller was shown a lone picture of the defendant instead of a photo array. A police lineup was never completed. This presents a case of power of suggestion. In the case of Simmons v US (1968), the US Supreme Court saw the problem of declining accuracy of identification after witnesses had viewed pictures of suspects. The court ruled that seeing a picture may have a detrimental effect on identification accuracy because"the witness is apt to retain in his memory the image of the photograph rather than of the person actually seen" (quoted in Brown, Deffenbachher, & Sturgill, 1977, p. 312) Eyewitness testimony can be an important tool in the field of justice. However, it can also convict innocent people. In 1991, the percentage was estimated to be at 45% (Loftus & Ketcham, 1991). According to more recent studies, some experts say we are closer to 1% today. This is undoubtedly attributed to the introduction of DNA and the modern technologies now available to forensic scientists. The profiling of DNA was introduced in 1984 by Alec Jeffreys, a renowned geneticist at the University of Leicester, England. Jeffreys' genetic fingerprinting was used to convict a murderer in England in 1988. Today, a DNA sample is one of the most dependable techniques used to apprehend a suspect in a criminal case. Psychology in law states that the use of eyewitness testimony alone is the cause of convicting innocent people. Psychologically, body language and innocent remarks made by officials showing photos and conducting lineups can send unintended subliminal messages to the witness. The witness' level of confidence can be inspired by a perception that the police must be right, because this is what they're suggesting to be true. This can distort a person's memory. A 1997 study led by the National Science Foundation proved that a distorted memory can now fail to know recollect accurately. Studies have also revealed that when the victim is the witness, he has an aggressive desire to nab a perpetrator. In this scenario, they are extremely sensitive to any signals they receive from authorities. If the police have a person in mind, they can unknowingly convey that message to the victim (Loftus, 1998). This suggestibility is the normal tendency of people to agree with what they perceive to be what the authority figure wants to hear (Sadava & McCreary, 1997). Showing a lone photo to a witness sends the subliminal message that 'we believe this is the guy.' Showing a photo array can send the same signal..'one of these people is the one.' Witnesses can sometimes make rash decisions so as to get the whole process over with. For all these reasons, most law enforcement officials would contend that the identifications of the three tellers should be suppressed in court. With all its faults, eyewitness testimony can still be a strong tool. Each individual can see the same event differently (William, 1999). To

Fundamentals of Strategic Planning in Complex Organizations Essay

Fundamentals of Strategic Planning in Complex Organizations - Essay Example To realize the desired outcome that accounts for the interests of all stakeholders in the health sector, strategic trends in the health care environment are highly characterized by operational changes. One of the strategic trends observed in the health care environment is the persistent bid to make healthcare services more affordable, and subsequently enhance universal coverage. This trend is consistent with the social, economic, and political goal of improving the social welfare of the disadvantaged population. Another strategic trend relates to increased number of public and private health care operators. The motive is to implement strategic plans that make it possible for health care organizations to take their services closer to the people. Over and above this, government regulation of health care organizations, health care financiers, and all other relevant parties involved constitute a critical strategic trend in health care markets (Harrison, 2010). This move is valid in the s ense that the end-user or the consumer remains protected from exploitation as the health care sector grows and expands. While health care organizations have been quick to identify emerging opportunities in the health sector, most of them do not utilize their full potential. ... Final Project Proposal: Strategic Plan for a Residential and Day Treatment Facility for Individuals with Mental Illness and/or Mental Retardation Background The growth and development of healthcare facilities has been enormous over the years, and societies across the globe has benefited from this trend. Health complications also keep changing, making it necessary for health care operators to keep at par with changes in the health care environment. Providers of healthcare services have responded swiftly to health care market trends for both existing and emerging health issues. In general, stakeholders in the health sector are collaborating in formulating and implementing strategies that are designed to improve the health welfare of the society. Amid the vibrant activities, plans, and strategies that have rocked the health sector, it has become necessary to address specific health issues in a certain way as opposed to another. In other words, it is essential to narrow down major health issues and/or complications, and ultimately address them as a singled out aspect of the larger health care environment (Levin, Petrila & Hennessy, 2004). Doing so provides a better ground for dealing with specific health issues intensively, as opposed to addressing diverse and dynamic health complications all at the same time. In this respect, the ultimate focus in this project is directed towards a residential and day treatment facility for individuals with mental illness and/or mental retardation. Although majority health care facilities have mental illness and/or mental retardation departments, not all facilities cater for all-round needs of the patients. On the same note, there are health care facilities that are primarily set up for persons with mental illnesses and/or mental